R Coding Questions

One-Way ANOVA: maze-completion time across sound conditions

A biology student is studying whether different types of "productivity music" affect how quickly lab mice complete a simple maze. Mice are randomly assigned to one of three sound conditions: silence, classical, or lofi_beats. The response variable is maze completion time (seconds), stored in a CSV file.

The student imports and inspects the data:

# a.
mouseData <-
  read.csv("DataForLabs/MouseMazeMusicData.csv",
           stringsAsFactors = TRUE)

# b.
mouseData

   maze_time sound_condition
1         42         silence
2         45         silence
3         44         silence
4         47         silence
5         43         silence
6         39       classical
7         41       classical
8         38       classical
9         40       classical
10        42       classical
11        35      lofi_beats
12        37      lofi_beats
13        36      lofi_beats
14        34      lofi_beats
15        38      lofi_beats

The student wants to test H₀: μ_silence = μ_classical = μ_{lofi_beats} vs. H_A: at least one group mean differs, with α = 0.05. They write:

# c.
anova(maze_time ~ sound_condition, data = mouseData)